Measurement Equivalents (U.S.)

When cooking a recipe you haven't used for a while, it never fails that the measuring spoon or measuring cup I need is in the dishwasher or is being used for another ingredient. This equivalent measurement chart helps in those situations.

</

Measurement Equivalents
1 tablespoon	3 teaspoons
4 tablespoons	¼ cup
8 tablespoons	½ cup
1 cup	8 ounces OR 16 tablespoons OR 2 sticks of margarine
1 liquid ounce	2 tablespoons
1 pound	16 ounces
1 pint	2 cups
1 quart	2 pints OR 4 cups
1 gallon	4 quarts OR 8 pints OR 16 cups
1 peck	8 quarts (dry)

---

Food Equivalents

Much of the time, I purchase food items in large quanities to save a few pennies. While this helps my budget, it sometimes makes following a specific recipe difficult. The following equivalent food measurements makes following a recipe and meal preparation easier.

Food Equivalents
1 stick margarine or butter	½ cup OR 8 tablespoons
1 lb. beans, small white dry	2 ½ cups
1 lb. string beans	3 ½ cups
1 lb. beef, cooked and sliced	3 cups
1 lb. beef, raw ground	2 cups
1 lb. brown sugar	3 cups
1 lb. carrots, raw sliced	3 cups
1 lb. cheese, American grated	1 quart
4 oz. chocolate, grated	1 cup
8 oz. chocolate, melted	1 cup
4 oz. cocoa	1 cup
1 lb. coffee	5 cups
1 lb. cottage cheese	2 cups
1 lb. dates, chopped	3 cups
1 lb. flour	3 ½ — 4 cups
1 lb. grapes, white seedless	3 cups
1 lb. ham, cooked and sliced	3 cups
1 lb. macaroni, cooked	2 ½ cups
1 lb. pecans, chopped	3 ½ cups
1 lb. pecans, whole	4 cups
1 lb. powdered sugar	3 ¾ — 4 cups
6 oz. sherbet	1 cup
1 lb. white granulated sugar	2 cups

---

Ingredient Substitutions

Have you ever started making a recipe only to find you didn't have all the ingredients? Well, sometimes you just have to go to the store (or send that special someone for you), but on occasion one of these substitutions can get you through. You might even discover a great new dish. If you like the recipe with the substitutions better than the original, be sure to make a note of the substitutions used so you will remember next time you want to whip up a dish.

Recipe Substitutions
1 cup all purpose flour	up to ½ cup bran, whole wheat flour, rye flour, or corn meal plus enough flour to fill a cup
1 tablespoon flour	½ tablespoon cornstarch or 1 tablespoon granulated tapioca
1 cup cake flour	7/8 cup of all-purpose flour
1 cup honey	1 to 1 ¼ cups sugar plue ¼ water
1 ounce chocolate	1 square chocolate or 3 tablespoons of cocoa pulus 1 teaspoon shortening
1 cup sour milk	1 cup sweet milk plus 1 tablespoon of lemon juice or vinegar
1 cup sugar	1 ½ cups powdered sugar or 1 1/3 cups brown sugar lightly packed
1 cup sour cream	1 cup evaporated milk plus 1 tablespoon vinegar
1 teaspoon baking powder	¼ teaspoon soda plus ½ teaspoon cream of tartar
1 clove garlic	¼ teaspoon garlic powder
1 cup butter or margarine	1 cup of shortening or 7/8 cup lard with ½ teaspoon salt
1 cup whole milk	½ cup canned milk plus ½ cup water
1 cup white wine	1 cup chicken broth
1 cup red wine	1 cup grape juice (for desserts) or 1 cup of beef broth